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Saint Cadoc or Cadog (; also (ウェールズ語:Cattwg); born 〔Strayner, Joseph R., ed. ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages'' (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1983) p. 6〕 or before) was a 5th-6th century Abbot of Llancarfan, near Cowbridge in Glamorganshire, South Wales, a monastery famous from the era of the British church as a centre of learning, where Illtud spent the first period of his religious life under Cadoc's tutelage. Cadoc is credited with the establishment of many churches in Cornwall, Brittany〔''Martyrologium Romanum'', 2004, Vatican Press (Typis Vaticanis), page 529.〕 Dyfed and Scotland. He is known as ''Cattwg Ddoeth'', "the Wise", and a large collection of his maxims and moral sayings were included in Volume III of the Myvyrian Archaiology. He is listed in the 2004 edition of the Roman Martyrology under 21 September. His Norman-era "Life" is a hagiography of importance to the case for the historicity of Arthur as one of seven saints' lives that mention Arthur independently of Geoffrey of Monmouth's ''Historia Regum Britanniae''.〔Discussed at length in Tatlock 1939.〕 ==Biography== Cadoc's story appears in a ''Vita Cadoci'' written shortly before 1086 by Lifris of Llancarfan;〔The text is Latin: for confirmation of before ca 1086 as the most likely date for the text, see below.〕 "it was clearly written at Llancarfan with the purpose of honouring the house and confirming its endowments,"〔Tatlock, J. S. P. (1939) "The Dates of the Arthurian Saints' Legends", ''Speculum'' 14.3 (July 1939:345-365) p. 345〕 Consequently, it is of limited historical merit though some details are of interest. Llancarfan did not survive the intrusion of Norman power into South Wales, being dissolved about 1086.〔The date was argued for by J. S. P. Tatlock, "Caradoc of Llancarfan," ''Speculum'' 13, 144-45.〕 Cadoc began life under a cloud of violence. His father, Gwynllyw the Bearded, was one of the lesser kings of Wales, a brother of Saint Petroc, and a robber chieftain. He wanted to propose to Princess Glwadys, daughter of King Brychan of Brycheiniog, a neighboring chieftain, but Brychan turned away the envoys asking for Glwadys' hand. Wildly in love, Gwynllyw and Glwadys eloped from her father’s court at Brecon and escaping over the mountains〔 in a raid in which 200 of Gwynllyw's 300 followers perished.〔("Commemoration of St. Cadoc of Llancarvan", All Saints Parish )〕 Born into the royal families of Gwynllwg and Brycheiniog, it is said,he worked miracles even before his birth. Strange lights shone in his parents’ house and the cellars were miraculously filled with food.〔(Gray, Madeleine. "The lives of St Cadoc and St Winifred", Wales Online, 21 March 2011 )〕 Cadoc was born in Gelligaer, around the year 497. An angel announced his birth and summoned the hermit Meuthi to baptise and teach him. A holy well sprang up for his baptism and afterwards flowed with wine and milk.〔 It is thought that he was baptised as Cathmail (Cadfael).〔("St. Cadoc", West Vale Catholics )〕 After the birth of his son, Gwynllyw went on a wild celebratory raid with a new band of fearless warriors. Among other livestock, he stole the cow of an Irish monk, St. Tathyw of Caerwent. This is probably Tathan, a reputed early abbot of nearby Caerwent whose dedications appear around Llantwit Major.〔("History", St. Athan Village )〕 Tathyw was not afraid of Gwynllyw and boldly went to confront him, demanding the return of the cow. On a sudden impulse, or perhaps guided by divine inspiration, Gwynllyw decided Cadoc would go to live under the monk's care, and he was sent away to be educated at Tathyw's monastery in Caerwent. Cadoc picked up a basic knowledge of Latin and received a rudimentary education that prepared him for further studies in Ireland and Wales. Most important, Cadoc learned to appreciate the life of a monk and a priest.〔 One day while in the Cardiff district of Glamorganshire, Cadoc was being chased by an armed swineherd from an enemy tribe. As he ran through the woods looking for a place to hide, he came upon a wild boar, white with age. Disturbed by his presence, the boar made three fierce bounds in his direction, but Cadoc's life was spared when the boar miraculously disappeared. Cadoc took this as a heavenly sign, and marked the spot with three tree branches. The valley was owned by his uncle, King Pawl of Penychen, who made a present of the land to his nephew. The location later became the site of the great church college and monastery at Llancarvan.〔 Maches (Latin: ''Machuta''), the sister of Cadoc according to tradition, was killed by robbers who were stealing her finest ram. Tathan, to whom the murderers confessed their crime, built a church on the spot.〔Hando, F.J., (1958) "Out and About in Monmouthshire", R. H. Johns, Newport.〕 In adulthood Cadoc refused to take charge of his father's army, "preferring to fight for Christ". He founded his first monastery at Llancarfan in the Vale of Glamorgan, and from there he went to Ireland to study for three years. Returning to Wales, he studied with Bachan or Pachan, a teacher of rhetoric from Italy.〔Bartrum, Peter C. ("Bachan" in ''A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A. D. 1000'', p. 38 ). National Library of Wales, 1993. Emended 2009.〕 He then travelled to Scotland where he founded a monastery at Cambuslang. Back at Llancarfan, his influence helped it to grow into one of the chief monasteries in South Wales.〔 One tradition has it that he went on pilgrimage to Rome, but more certain is the knowledge of time spent in Brittany. He settled there on an island in the Etel river, now called L'Ile de Cado, where he built an oratory, founded a monastery and devoted himself to spreading the Gospel.〔 There are chapels dedicated to him at Belz and Locoal-Mendon in Morbihan and at Gouesnac'h in Finistère, where he is called upon to cure the deaf. His name is also the basis of some thirty Breton place-names. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cadoc」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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